Jim Cowles served as Chief Executive Officer - Europe, Middle East & Africa (EMEA) of Citigroup Inc. Prior to assuming that position, Jim was Chief Operating Officer for EMEA and Head of Western Europe at Citi. He has also served as Head of Markets for Citi in EMEA, Global Head of Equities and Global Head of Equity Capital Markets (new-issue product). Jim joined Smith Barney in 1979. Other previous roles have included: Head of Equities (EMEA), Deputy Head of Investment Banking, Head of Real Estate Investment Banking and Commercial Mortgage Trading, Head of Debt Capital Markets and Head of Direct Investments. Jim graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Denison University in 1977 with a B.A. in economics. Mr. Cowles graduated with an M.B.A. from The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, in 1979.