Robert Bigman retired after thirty years in the U.S. Government intelligence, including fifteen years as the CISO of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). He specializes in building effective cyber security programs and new techniques to resist hacking from sophisticated (Nation-State) supported organizations. Over the course of his career he has served as a cyber security consultant to the agency, intelligence community, national security council, presidential commissions and congressional oversight committees. Beyond his work with government agencies, he has influenced the development of commercial operating systems (e.g., Microsoft Windows), applications (e.g., Oracle data base), networking (e.g., Citrix Zen) and numerous cyber security products.