Craig is internationally renowned for his work on animal behavior and ecology. He is a Professor of Biological Sciences and Anthropology at USC, co-Director of the USC Jane Goodall Research Center, and a Research Associate in Herpetology at the Los Angeles County Natural History Museum. Craig has also conducted extensive field research on primates, particularly the great apes. He is best known for his research on chimpanzee hunting and meat eating, done in collaboration with his mentor Jane Goodall. In 2004, Stanford became involved in turtle and tortoise conservation in Myanmar and Thailand. He has mentored and supervised students working with Burmese Black Mountain Tortoises (Manouria emys), Impressed Tortoises (Manouria impressa), Pancake Tortoises (Malacochersus tornieri) as well as with Turtle Conservancy's flagship species, the Ploughshare Tortoise.
Craig has authored 15 scientific and popular award-winning books and more than 120 scholarly and popular articles on animal behavior and human nature. His book, The Last Tortoise, is about the extinction threats faced by of many of the world's tortoises. His latest book, Planet Without Apes, was published in 2012.